Many features of quantum mechanics (QM) suggest that, at the microscopic level, objects sometimes fail to determinately instantiate their properties. In recent years, many have argued that this phenomenon indicates the existence of an ontological kind of indeterminacy, often called metaphysical indeterminacy, which is supposed to affect the ontology of QM. As insisted by Glick ('Against Quantum Indeterminacy), however, once we look at the major realist approaches to QM we learn that the indeterminacy disappears from the description of the world (...) at its most fundamental level. This absence might be taken as a good reason for adopting some form of eliminativism towards quantum mechanical indeterminacy. The aim of this paper is to distinguish three ways of defending eliminativism, and to argue that none of them eventually succeeds. The upshot is that QM does in fact suggest the existence of metaphysical indeterminacy, although only as an emergent phenomenon. (shrink)

Barnes (2014) has argued in this journal for the following conditional: If there is any metaphysical indeterminacy, this must be at the most fundamental level of reality. To argue for this claim, Barnes relies on two principles that I shall call bivalent completeness and determinate link. According to the former, a complete description is a bivalent assignment of truth values to every sentence. The determinate link, instead, establishes that the determination relation between levels of reality preserves determinacy from one level (...) to another. In response to Barnes’ conclusion, Eva (2018) has recently pointed out that bivalent completeness is question begging. In this paper, I will first show why Eva's line of reasoning can be resisted. My aim will then be to present a stronger case against Barnes’ argument by challenging the determinate link. In the presence of metaphysical indeterminacy, the link between fundamental and derivative facts might itself be the locus of indeterminacy. I will conclude by showing that Barnes and Eva make many unwarranted assumptions regarding both indeterminacy and fundamentality. The logical space around the connection between these two notions appears to be much wider than what they seem to be aware of, or so I will argue. (shrink)

Of the many ways of getting at the core of the weirdnesses in quantum mechanics, there’s one which traces back to Schrödinger’s seminal 1935 paper, and has to do with the apparent fuzzy nature of the reality described by the formalism through the wavefunction $$\psi$$ ψ. This issue, which I will be calling the Determinacy Problem, is distinct from the standard measurement problem of quantum mechanics, despite Schrödinger himself ends up conflating the two. I will argue that the Determinacy Problem (...) is an exquisitely philosophical problem, for as it is standard when facing any phenomenon which appears to have indeterminate or fuzzy characteristics, the solutions available are to either blame the deficiencies of our language, or our lack of knowledge, or to blame the world itself. These three attitudes can already be found in the literature on quantum mechanics, either explicitly or implicitly, and they appear to motivate three very distinct research programs: high-dimensional realism, primitive ontology, and quantum indeterminacy. (shrink)

Explanations of the genuine openness of the future often appeal to objective indeterminacy. According to the received view, such indeterminacy is indeterminacy of certain future-tensed state of affairs that presently obtain. We shall call this view the weak indeterminate present, to distinguish it from the view we will defend in this paper, which we dub the strong indeterminate present. According to our view, unsettledness of the future is grounded on the present indeterminacy of some present-tensed state of affairs. In order (...) for an indeterminate present-tensed state of affairs to explain the unsettledness of a future-tensed state of affairs, there has to be a connection between the two. We argue that this connection can only be provided if we look at the internal structure of the relevant state of affairs. Finally, we will suggest that the best background theory to explain the connection are the so-called spontaneous collapse models of quantum mechanics. (shrink)

Two different definitions of numerical identity occur in Aristotle's works, namely: (i) "A" and "B" are both names of one thing; (ii) A and B constitute unity. These definitions can be traced back respectively to the following theories of predication: (i)' the sentences whose subjects are accidents are actually ill-formed; (ii)' in some cases the accidents are not eliminable subjects. Since (i)' and (ii)' are irreparably inconsistent, the theory of identity is inconsistent too; in this paper are explored the consequences (...) of such an inconsistence, mainly as far as the fallacies depending both on combination and division and on accident are concerned. (shrink)

A espiritualidade é o cuidado com a vida em sua integralidade. Como define Faustino Teixeira no artigo “Malhas da hospitalidade”, ela é a _capacidade de celebrar a vida em profundidade_, ou seja, a capacidade humana de reconhecer que a vida tem uma dimensão profunda – da qual irradiam amor desinteressado, gratuidade, atenção, cortesia e hospitalidade – e de se alegrar com isso. Diferentemente do que geralmente se pensa, a espiritualidade não se restringe aos templos e espaços religiosos, antes, diz respeito (...) a pessoas e não a almas etéreas. Portanto, perpassa toda a vida cotidiana. Na atualidade, diante dos desafios dos tempos sombrios em que vivemos, tanto na dimensão política como na de saúde pública, a casa se torna um lugar privilegiado para o cultivo da espiritualidade. Neste artigo, buscamos explicitar a dimensão espiritual da comensalidade de acordo com uma análise interpretativa do filme “A Festa de Babette” (1987), dirigido por Gabriel Axel, baseado na obra homônima da escritora dinamarquesa Karen Blixen. Em nossa análise, buscamos ressaltar a compreensão ecumênica do mistério eucarístico que o filme inspira. (shrink)

This study assessed whether real-life stimulus material can elicit conscious and unconscious priming. A typical masked priming paradigm was used, with brand logo primes. We used a rigorous method to assess participants’ awareness of the subliminal information. Our results show that shortly presented and masked brand logos have the power to prime their brand names and, remarkably, words associated to the brand . However, this only occurred when the logos could be categorized clearly above the consciousness threshold. Once the primes (...) were presented close to the consciousness threshold, no subliminal influences on behavior were observed. (shrink)

En Italie, bien que le secteur masculin se soit continuellement développé (en atteignant son point d’orgue avec le fascisme), l’éducation physique féminine a rencontré des difficultés à être mise en œuvre dans un pays profondément pénétré de traditionalisme, de religiosité et de misogynie. Jusqu’à l’évènement de la révolution fasciste, a plupart des Italiens croyaient à l’infériorité physique et mentale des femmes et les pionnières du sport féminin étaient ridiculisées ou perçues avec suspicion. Le régime mussolinien a promu l’émancipation sociale des (...) Italiennes à contrecœur grâce à un programme d’activités physiques extensif et fortement organisé. Dans ces années, un corps féminin bien entraîné n’était pas seulement une forme d’expression de la modernité fasciste, mais aussi un moyen essentiel d’accroître aussi bien la démographie que la santé de la population. Les initiatives sportives féminines étaient également considérées comme une bonne manière d’afficher aux yeux du monde l’image d’une nation forte peuplée de citoyens physiquement et moralement robustes. Alors que l’esthétique du corps mâle idéal était clairement incarnée par Mussolini – l’exemple vivant de la virilité athlétique fasciste – le modèle idéal de féminité fasciste était moins figé dans la mesure où il a connu plusieurs transformations résultant de conceptions contradictoires et d’options politiques différentes. (shrink)

English summary: The monograph-length study of Marsilio Ficino examines the Renaissance Neoplatonists philosophy from a metaphysical and anthropological point of view. Ficino was not only the first Latin translator of Platos entire works, but also a creative thinker in his own right whose religious and philosophical program troubled his native Florence and agitated his Christian contemporaries. French description: Marsile Ficin ne fut pas seulement le traducteur et le commentateur de Platon et des neoplatoniciens, comme Plotin et Proclus. Ce fut un (...) philosophe a part entiere, qui puisa de maniere creative aux ressources de la tradition platonicienne pour resoudre les questions agitees dans la Florence de son temps ou heritees de discussions universitaires medievales. Il elabora sa pensee a partir des possibilites conceptuelles inedites offertes par la philosophie de l'Un pour repenser l'ontologie. Cette monographie analyse l'originalite et la coherence de sa philosophie aussi bien sur le plan metaphysique qu'anthropologique, repondant ainsi a l'exigence d'une etude systematique qui fait defaut depuis longtemps. On y examine autant la specificite du projet ficinien de renouvellement philosophique et religieux que les aspects qui devoilent sa profonde incompatibilite avec le christianisme. (shrink)

DNA methylation plays a key role in neural cell fate and provides a molecular link between early life stress and later-life behavioral phenotypes. Here, studies that combine neuroimaging methods and DNA methylation analysis in pediatric population with a history of adverse experiences were systematically reviewed focusing on: targeted genes and neural correlates; statistical models used to examine the link between DNA methylation and neuroimaging data also considering early life stress and behavioral outcomes. We identified 8 studies that report associations between (...) DNA methylation and brain structure/functions in infants, school age children and adolescents faced with early life stress condition. Results showed that several genes were investigated and different neuroimaging techniques were performed. Statistical model used ranged from correlational to more complex moderated mediation models. Most of the studies considered DNA methylation and neural correlates as mediators in the relationship between early life stress and behavioral phenotypes. Understanding what role DNA methylation and neural correlates play in interaction with early life stress and behavioral outcomes is crucial to promote theory-driven studies as the future direction of this research fields. (shrink)

A pandemia da covid-19 talvez tenha se tornado o principal desafio global da atualidade – e não mais uma especulação ou expectativa. Na Itália, onde atualmente realizo estágio doutoral, a crise sanitária superou as piores previsões, vitimando mais civis que na Segunda Guerra. Como mulher e estrangeira experienciando outra cultura e seus códigos, proponho pensar sobre a crise italiana do coronavírus, guiando-me por epistemologias feministas que permitem compreender esta experiência e suas implicações – como a perspectiva da filósofa Chiara Zamboni (...) (2009) do pensar em presença, convidando as mulheres a tecer suas reflexões por suas próprias experiências, e a da feminista negra Patricia Hill Collins (2016), seu conceito de outsider within e sua “ética do cuidar”. Reflito, assim, sobre as oportunidades que os desafios atuais nos oferecem, tanto para enxergarmos as diferentes situações de vulnerabilidade social na crise, como para disseminarmos a importância revolucionária de cuidar verdadeiramente de todas e todos nós. (shrink)

The Legacy of Aristotelian Enthymeme provides a historical-logical analysis of Aristotle's rhetorical syllogism, the enthymeme, through its Medieval and Renaissance interpretations. Bringing together notions of credibility and proof, an international team of scholars highlight the fierce debates around this form of argumentation during two key periods for Aristotle's beliefs.Reflecting on medieval and humanist thinkers, philosophers, poets and theologians, this volume joins up dialectical and rhetorical argumentation as key to the enthymeme's interpretation and shows how the enthymeme was the source of (...) a major interpretive conflict. As a method for achieving the standards for proof and credibility that persist across diverse fields of study today including the law, politics, medicine and morality, this book takes in Latin and Persian interpretations of the enthymeme and casts contemporary argumentation in a new historical light. (shrink)

In this article, we question to what extent origin-food labels, namely Geographical Indications and Slow Food Presidia, may effectively account for cultural biodiversity. Building on Foucault’s discourse theory, we question how the Slow Food movement and GI promoters have developed their own discourse and practice on CB, how these discourses contrast, and how they inform projects. Focusing on the practices to cultivate the microbiological life of three origin labeled cheeses, we have revealed the gap between these institutional discourses and what (...) happens on the ground. We argue that how actors’ relationships in the marketplace unfold, from public authorities to the collectives of producers to consumers, may threaten the effects that these experiences of alternative food productions may have in the defense of biodiversity, causing, for instance, the loss of diversity of the invisible microbial ecosystems of artisan raw milk cheese. However, we conclude that, despite limitations, the mediatized institutional narrative on CB can amplify the political voice of local actors by fostering community and social relationships between the farmers. (shrink)

Pourquoi recourir à la pensée de Dietrich Bonhoeffer pour formuler une contribution philosophique au problème de la tolérance? Et, de surcroît, en dialogue avec la phénoménologie? Homme de pensée et d’action, Bonhoeffer n’est, à proprement parler, ni un phénoménologue ni un penseur de la tolérance. Il est, toutefois, légitime d’envisager sa lutte contre le totalitarisme, tant sur le plan théologique que politique, comme un cas limite susceptible de relever du questionnement sur la nature et la portée de la tolérance elle-même. (...) Et cela en raison du paradoxe auquel Bonhoeffer s’expose dans la tentative de putsch visant l’élimination du Führer à laquelle il participe : la violation non seulement de la loi, mais d’un commandement divin – « tu ne tueras pas » – que Bonhoeffer justifie au nom de sa foi en Dieu. Notre hypothèse de lecture nous conduit dès lors à consacrer une attention particulière à sa thèse d’habilitation, Akt und Sein, où Bonhoeffer formule une critique originale de la phénoménologie notamment heideggérienne, inspirée par la theologia crucis de tradition luthérienne : renonçant à toute tentative d’autodétermination, l’homme, pour Bonhoeffer, ne peut se comprendre que par une ouverture radicale à la transcendance qui coïncide, en dernière instance, avec la dimension authentiquement personnelle de l’homme lui-même ainsi que de la relation entre l’homme et Dieu. (shrink)

The role to be played by multi-stakeholder partnerships in addressing the ‘wicked problems’ of sustainable development is made explicit by the seventeenth Sustainable Development Goal. But how do these partnerships really work? Based on the analysis of four sustainability-oriented innovation initiatives implemented in Belgium, Italy, Germany, and France, this study explores the roles and mechanisms that collaborating actors may enact to facilitate the pursuit of sustainable development, with a particular focus on non-profit organizations. The results suggest that collaborative innovations for (...) sustainability contribute simultaneously to the fulfilment of different Sustainable Development Goals, reaching beyond their original intent, and that the value being created has the potential to reinforce such roles and mechanisms. These partnerships are prompted and managed by non-profit organizations that act as metagovernors of collaborative innovation processes as they play the roles of cultural spreaders, enablers, relational brokers, service provides, and influencers. These findings will help policy-makers and practitioners in the public and non-profit sector to identify and utilize emerging opportunities for value creation through collaborative innovation, and to better design existing and prospective collaborative efforts aimed at sustainable objectives, thereby supporting progress towards the implementation of Agenda 2030. (shrink)

Dans le dernier quart du xix e siècle, l’ambition d’une philosophie scientifique inspire la Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkt de Franz Brentano. Appelée à refonder sur des bases empiriques l’univers de l’être, cette forme nouvelle de psychologie réactualiserait ainsi, en un sens, un certain héritage de la métaphysique ancienne. Et Brentano parviendrait à assembler dans une même vision systématique les sources de la pensée grecque, en particulier aristotélicienne, et moderne. Mais peut-on vraiment considérer Brentano comme un aristotélicien en raison de son (...) projet psychologique? La question est bien connue et comme Franco Volpi, entre autres, le soutient, il semblerait que l’orientation épistémologique de la psychologie brentanienne ne trouve pas dans l’aristotélisme son véritable motif directeur. Une autre lecture est toutefois possible à nos yeux, si nous considérons qu’à aucun moment Brentano ne prétend faire de la psychologie un moyen pour revenir à Aristote. C’est notre hypothèse de recherche qui nous conduit à lire avec la plus grande attention le traité de 1867, Die Psychologie des Aristoteles : le recours à Aristote resterait alors nécessaire pour comprendre le projet d’une nouvelle psychologie qui n’oublie pourtant pas sa vocation métaphysique. (shrink)

This is a communication regarding the 27 th congress of the Society of Theology and Religious Studies (SOTER), held between the 15 th and 18 th of July, 2014. According to the proposition established by 2013’s assembly, the Congress assumed as common thread the relationship between spiritualties and social dynamics and also offered a debate about spirituality as endurance in times of oppression. This review highlights some topics that brought up important provocations, considering a needful depth, in order to think (...) of new perspectives in the context of the connection between religion and society. (shrink)

A Encíclica Fratelli tutti, do Papa Francisco, publicada em 3 de outubro de 2020, é, como se tem veiculado, um documento que faz parte da Doutrina Social da Igreja. Escrita sob a inspiração do diálogo com o líder islâmico Grande Imã Ahmad Al-Tayyeb, pretende falar sobre o amor fraterno em sua dimensão universal. Este comentário, unindo-se a outros que se tem feito sobre esse texto, tem como objetivo contribuir na recepção da encíclica, sendo uma abordagem na perspectiva da espiritualidade.

The Mass Density approach to GRW (GRWm for short) has been widely discussed in the quantum foundations literature. A crucial feature of GRWm is the introduction of a Criterion of Accessibility for mass, which allows to explain the determinacy of experimental outcomes thus also addressing the tails problem of GRW. However, the Criterion of Accessibility leaves the ontological meaning of the non-accessible portion of mass utterly unexplained. In this paper I discuss two viable approaches to non-accessible mass, which I call (...) anti-realist and realist, and will defend the latter. First, I show that the anti-realist approach suffers from various objections. Second, I develop an account of non-accessible mass density states as objectively indeterminate states of affairs. (shrink)

This paper explores quantum indeterminacy, as it is operative in the failure of value‐definiteness for quantum observables. It first addresses questions about its existence, its nature, and its relations to extant quantum interpretations. Then, it provides a critical discussions of the main accounts of quantum indeterminacy.

La reinterpretazione in chiave metafisico-trascendentale del concetto di dinamismo è una delle vie originali, individuate da Kant, per prendere posizione rispetto alla grande disputa seicentesca tra meccanicismo e anti-meccanicismo. Se, infatti, già nel 1747, Kant era alla ricerca di una ‘collaborazione’ di metafisica e matematica, nel 1786 ciò deve avvenire nel solco della filosofia trascendentale e quindi della conoscenza sintetica a priori della natura. La prospettiva del 1786 deve essere letta alla luce, da un lato, della necessità di coniugare la (...) fisica newtoniana con il dinamismo metafisico leibniziano e, dall’altro, con il problema della connessione e proporzione che sussiste tra il progetto della ragione a priori, “Vernunftentwurf”, tramite i suoi concetti e principi, e il piano dell’esperienza empirica “empirische Erfahrung”. (shrink)

Narrar artisticamente o Mistério Santo que habita entre nós: Leitura místico-teológica da obra “Guerra e Paz” de Cândido Portinari. (Narrating artistically the Holy Mystery that lives among us: Mystical-theological reading of the panel "War and Peace"). - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n31p867 A revelação é um conceito fundamental para a teologia cristã: ele se refere à experiência que fundamenta o discurso sobre Deus. No século XX, operou-se uma transformação importante nessa concepção fundamental, uma renovação que implicou na desconstrução do conceito tradicional de revelação (...) focado em doutrinas e dogmas e na emergência de uma nova concepção que coloca como fundamento da revelação a experiência do incondicional, experiência mística. A partir dessa renovação, passou-se a considerar a problemática da dificuldade de uma linguagem que expresse a complexidade dessa experiência paradoxal. Toda criação artística, na medida em que provoca uma forte experiência estética, é uma maneira de falar de revelação. A linguagem da arte com seu poder evocativo e não definível é certamente capaz de expressar essa experiência do divino sem constrangimento do sagrado e sem desvalorização do humano. Esse trabalho consiste em fazer a leitura dos painéis Guerra e Paz de Cândido Portinari, evidenciando que através da arte é possível narrar artisticamente o Mistério Santo que habita entre nós. Palavras-chaves: Mística. Arte. Espiritualidade. Cândido PortinariRevelation is a key concept to Christian theology: it refers to the experience that underlines the discourses about God. In the twentieth century, an important transformation on this concept led to a deconstruction of its traditional meaning, originally focused on doctrines and dogmas, and further to the emergency of a new conception, which places the mystical experience in the very foundation of the Revelation’s concept. Since this renovation, the difficulties of a language to express the complexity of this paradoxical experience were highly problematized. All artistic creation, as long as it provokes a strong aesthetic experience, is matter of Revelation. The Art’s language, with its non-definable and evocative power, is certainly capable of expressing this divine experience without devaluate the holy or the human depreciation. This work consists on the reading of Cândido Portinari’s “War and Peace” panels, pointing out that, through art, it is possible to narrate artistically the Holy Mystery that dwells among us. Keywords: Mystics. Art. Spirituality. Cândido Portinari. (shrink)

The theory of predication underlying assertoric syllogistic is quite extensional. Modal syllogistic is an extension of the assertoric one, dealing with a lot of intensional notions mostly borrowed from Topics and Posterior Analytics; but Aristotle’s attempt to bring together modalities and extensional form of assertoric premisses ends in failure after all, and the puzzles he faced with in building his modal syllogistic spring just from it.

In Nothing To Come: A Defence of the Growing Block Theory of Time, Correia and Rosenkranz present in great depth their own version of the Growing Block Theory. This special issue contains several commentaries on Correia and Rosenkranz’s position made by leading figures in contemporary philosophy of time, together with extremely thorough replies by the authors themselves which clarify crucial aspects of their view.

In the most recent debate of phenomenological as well as analytical provenance, Husserl’s reflection, although pioneer regarding ethics, seems to suffer of a general depreciation enrooted in his supposed excess rationalism. The husserlian ethics would remain subjected to the dominance of a logico-objectifying reason, which appears to be the fundamental dimension of intentionality. The wide range of life-experiences would then be crushed by the hegemony of objectifying acts. Are we really sure? Our contribution will rather consist in raising the originality (...) of Husserl’s method which lastly to reconcile two seemingly contradictory requirements: the autonomy of ethical and its dependence towards logical reason. We shall notice thus a progressive dissociatoon from Brentano’s teaching leading to an overall revision of intentionality. If anything such as rationalism exists in Husserl’s thinking, it can only be asserted on the condition of a radical criticism of the concept of “representation” – from where, as we shall see, emerges a newly articulated relationship between “object” and “value”. (shrink)